"Alone we are smart, together we are brilliant". Steven Andersen PROJECTS
Assigned February 1st Social Studies Project on a Characteristic of Developed and Developing Countries: Students have been assigned a topic, that we have already discussed, researched and recorded in a 'Comparison of Developed and Developing Countries Assignment'. Students will now have the opportunity to delve more deeply into one particular topic, to gain a more thorough understanding. There are basically three parts to the assignment:
1)What is the country characteristic? Explain the characteristic. Example: What is migration? 2) Why are countries in their current state in regards to the characteristic. Example: Why do some countries have a low literacy rate while others have a high literacy rate? 3) How does it affect developed and developing countries? Example: How does a poor road system or a good road system (infrastructure) affect countries? The topics are diverse, so the criteria for the assignment will be slightly different for each student.. Students should see Mrs. Badgley if they need more clarification of the assignment.
Write your answers to the three questions in 3 paragraphs (a report). The answers should be gained from thoroughly conducted research using reputable websites. Some of the websites should be from the resource list used for the 'Developed and developing Countries' Comparison Assignment (the chart). Other websites can be of your choosing, but must be reputable and contain up-to-date information.
As well as writing your information in paragraph form (a report), you will also be presenting your knowledge in an oral presentation. This presentation involves talking (not reading) to the class, to teach your knowledge on your topic. It must include sharing visuals that support your information (pictures can be in a word document, a poster, or powerpoint). The presentation should be engaging. Questions will be asked by Mrs. Badgley and students at the end of your presentation.
Assigned Wednesday, January 24th A.D.S.T, Science, Math, Literacy Project Forces, Motion and Newton’s Laws: Race Car
Purpose: The purpose of the project is to discover and explore the scientific concepts of force, motion, speed, velocity, acceleration, momentum, friction, mass, gravity and Newton’s Laws of Motion (Physics). Students will be planning,designing and building (A.D.S.T.), calculating angles, distance andspeed (Mathematics). Students will also be writing predictions, results, conclusions and analyses (Literacy and Science). Students will be working effectively with classmates by communicating clearly, sharing responsibilities and collaborating (social skills). Another main purpose of the project is to have lots of fun!!
Task: Your task is to design and build a model vehicle to test force and motion concepts. The goal is to build a car for maximum speed,velocity, and distance, as well as positive acceleration, strong momentum, stability, durability and strength. It will be important to reduce any negative effects of mass, gravity and friction. You will work with a partner. Students must follow the criteria outlined in ‘Criteria for Building a Model Sized Vehicle’, as you design and build your vehicle.
Materials: You will need some building materials such as cardboard, straws, popsicle sticks, a plastic bottle, … (regular household items) or materials such as Lego, Knex, Meccano…. No kits or instruction manuals are allowed. Creativity and scientific knowledge will be essential for the project. A container with a lid and your name on it is necessary for storing your building materials.
Criteria for Building a Model Sized Vehicle: 1.) Your vehicle should be designed to travel down an incline plane (ramp) and onto a variety of surfaces (swept floor, carpet, Lego boards). The car will be powered by the slope. No other force will be applied to the car.
2.) Your vehicle must have 4 working wheels and a driver. Your vehicle must be between 4 and 15 cm in width and between 8 and 25 cm in length.
3) The physical characteristics to consider for your vehicle are its overall size, shape (aerodynamics),wheel size,tire treadand weight.
Building your Vehicle: Choose your materials and build your vehicle according to the criteria provided above.
Page 2 *For trial 1 and 2, a demonstration by Mrs. Badgley will be conducted using a vehicle capable of holding weight.
I.) Trial 1 Teacher Demonstration : Car + Ramp + Swept Floor Surface Purpose: Determine the motion of a box car down a ramp.
Observations and Results: Trial 1: Car + Ramp + Swept Floor Surface (Teacher Demonstration Activity)
II) Trial 2: Teacher Demonstration: Car + Ramp + Swept Floor Surface +Added Mass Purpose: Determine the effects of added weight to the performance of the box car. a) Record the amount of weight added to the car, below. b) Observe the changes in the performance of the car with the added weight.Record your observations in the Observations and Results section below. Use terminology like distance, speed, acceleration, momentum, velocity, mass and friction.
Weights: b1) Weight _____________________ (in grams) 2) Weight _____________________ (in grams) 3) Weight _____________________ (in grams) 4) Weight _____________________ (in grams)
Observations and Results: Trial 2: Car + Ramp + Swept Floor Surface + Added Mass (Teacher Demonstration Activity)
Page 3 III.) Trial 3 Experiment: Testing YOUR CAR on the ramp Preparation and Procedures:
1.) Ensure the floor is swept clean to avoid ___________________ and that the ramp has been set to the predetermined specifications for structure, angle and height. ________________ cm ramp height and ___________________ angle with the floor.
2.) Take your vehicle, a stopwatch, this project booklet, a pencil, an eraser, a metre stick, and a roll of masking tape to the testing track.
3) Place your vehicle at the top of the ramp, with the front wheels aligned with the top edge of the tape.
4) A partner needs to set the stopwatch to zero and to be ready to press start, as soon as the car has been released. A countdown such as 3, 2, 1, GO, helps ensure accuracy.
5) Simultaneously relate the car (without any additional force) and start the stopwatch.
6a.) As soon as the car has come to a complete stop, press the stop button on the stopwatch.DO NOT PICK UP THE CAR YET. b.) Record theTIME of the car’s movement down the ramp and across the floor, in the ‘Observation and Results’ section of this experiment. The time should be given to hundredths of a second. c.) Use a piece of masking tape to mark the exact distance your car has travelled. The distance is marked at the front wheels. Place the tape on the floor by the wall.
7a.) Measure the DISTANCEthe car has travelled using a metre stick. The ramp is ____________ cm in length, so also____________ m in length. b.) Measure from the bottom of the ramp to the front wheels of your vehicle. Add this measurement to the length of the ramp. c.) Record the distance your vehicle travelled in cm and m, in the 'Observation and Results' section of this experiment, as well as on the masking tape.
8a.) Calculate the SPEED your vehicle travelled. Speed should be calculated in cm per second. Calculate using the following formula. Speed = Distance travelled in cm divided by the Time in Seconds (S=D÷T). You may use a calculator. b.) Record the speed in the ‘Observation and Results’ section of this experiment.
9.) Describe the car’sVELOCITY, ACCELERATION and MOMENTUM and effects of FRICTION (ground and air) during the test. Record this information in the ‘Observation and Results’ section of this experiment.
10.) Write the conclusions of the experiment summarizing the results of the experiment.
Page 4 Trail 3 Observations and Results: Car + Ramp +Swept Floor Surface
Time: _______________________________ Distance:_____________________ (in cm) _____________________ (in m) Speed:_______________________________ Velocity:____________________________________________________________ Acceleration: ________________________________________________________ Momentum: _________________________________________________________ Friction:____________________________________________________________
IV.) Trial 4:Car+ Ramp +Carpet on Floor Test your car on the ramp to carpet. Follow steps in Section III #1-6. Recording the time, speed etc. is not necessary.
Observe and record in the lined space below the changes in performance of your car on the carpet compared to its performance on the swept floor. Use terminology like distance, speed, acceleration, momentum, velocity and friction. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
V.) Trial 5:Car+ Ramp +Lego boards Test your car on the ramp to the Lego boards. Follow steps in Section III #1-6. Recording the time, speed etc. is not necessary.
Observe and record the changes in performance of your car compared to its motion on the swept floor and carpet. Use terminology like distance, speed, acceleration, momentum, velocity and friction. _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
Page 5 Conclusions: 1.) Reflect and analyze on the 5 trials.Describe the conditions important for obtaining optimal motion of your car: maximum speed, perfect velocity (fast and straight), positive acceleration (quick and strong build-up of speed), momentum (long maintenance of speed), friction (air and surface friction minimized), mass and gravity.____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
2.) How do Newton’s Laws of Motionapply to the motion of a car. Explain below.
Law 1: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
Law 2: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
Law 3: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________